Nephropathy (kidney disease) can be caused by aristolochic acid (AA), which is found in some Chinese herbs. Cases of nephropathy have been reported worldwide after taking Chinese herbs, especially for weight loss. Several studies have demonstrated that AA can cause acute and chronic kidney toxicity, as well as urinary tract cancers. Specific abnormalities are seen in kidney biopsies due to AA toxicity.

People who have onset of kidney disease should be questioned about prior use of Chinese herbs. One such herb containing AA is Aristolochia* fangchi. Also, some of the related herbs are used for weight loss. The toxic herbs may have been substituted for beneficial plants due to a manufacturing error.

CONCLUSION: Aristolochic acid from some Chinese herbs may cause nephropathy and urinary tract cancers. Specific abnormalities can be seen on kidney biopsy which may persist for 20 years.

NOTE: *The plant genus Aristolochia contains up to 500 different plants which are found around the world.

PMID: 26515658.

Summary #747.